Unterwegs an die Front: Passierschein nach Terlan

Fifth class Montenegrin Order of Danilo, plus miniature version of the same. || Named for Montenegro's Prince-Bishop Danilo I, this Order was established in 1853 and was awarded for civil as well as military merit. This is the fifth class version of this order and differs in look from the first through fourth class versions of the Order of Danilo. The highest four classes of this Order have a 'patee alisee' cross with four equal sized arms, but the fifth class has a longer descending arm on the cross. Also, the colour of the enamelling of the arms of the cross on the higher four classes is predominantly blue with red and white, but the fifth class Order is mainly black with silver. Both sides have a red enamelled centre circle with writing on both sides. On one side is the Cyrillic text '‘ЗА НЕЗАВИСИМОСТЪ ЦРНЕ ГОРЕ, 1852-3’, which transliterates to 'Za Nezavisimost Crne Gore', and translates to 'For the Independence of Montenegro', with the 1852-3 years covering the year of independence of Montenegro, in 1852, and the establishment of the Order, in 1853. The other side has the Cyrillic text 'ДАНІИЛЪ I. ЦРНОГОРСКІИ КНЯЗЪ', which transliterates as 'Danil I. Crnogorski Knjaz', and which translates to 'Danilo I. Montenegrin Prince'. This Order was awarded partly during the First World War up to early 1916, but there was a hiatus in making such awards after Montenegro had collapsed militarily and politically, and when King Nikola of Montenegro went into permanent exile. One famous recipient of this class of order was French ace pilot, Charles Nungesser, who achieved 42 victories in the air. Shown here are the fifth class Order of Danilo, along with a miniature version. || || Fifth class Montenegrin Order of Danilo, plus miniature version || Medal

Established in 1883, a year after Serbian became a Kingdom, the Order of Saint Sava existed in five classes and was primarily intended as a civilian award, for services to the Serbian Church, as well as for achievements in science and culture, particularly education, literature, and the arts. In late 1914, the Order of Saint Sava had its award criteria enlarged to cover military service to Serbia as well. The overall Order is in the shape of a blue and white Maltese Cross, with Serbian national emblem eagles in the corner of each pair of arms of the cross and a crown on top. One side has an iconic image of Saint Sava with text around it written around in Old Church Slavonic 'ТРѸДОМЪ СВОИМЪ ВЪСА ПРИОБРѢТЄ', which translates into English as 'One's Own Work Achieves All'. Saint Sava is the 12th century Patron Saint of Serbia and is an important figure in Serbian history: a prince, founder of the Serbian Orthodox Church, first Archbishop of the same, the founder of law and literature in Serbia, a list such as this can not do justice to his life and times. The other size of the Order shows 1883, the year that the award was instituted. Awarded throughout the First World War, the Order was manufactured in France and Switzerland on the outbreak of and during the war because relations with Austrian medal makers who had previously supplied Serbia with numerous and various types of medals and orders were severed and, as with some other Serbian awards, it could take some years after the war for some recipients to receive their award. Shown here is the full size Order, Fifth Class also known as the Knight's Badge, plus it's original case with St.Sava written in Serbian Cyrillic on the top of the lid and the Swiss manufacturer, Huguenin Freres, inside the lid. Also shown is a miniature of the Order, as well as a ribbon bar, and also a miniature ribbon rosette for a jacket button-hole. || Serbian Order of Saint Sava, Fifth Class (Knight's Badge class), in original case. Miniature version of the Order of Saint Sava. Ribbon bar for the Order of Saint Sava. Button-hole decoration.